Hackers Humiliate Giants As AI Misbehaves!

Oasis: Pooling PCIe Devices over CXL to Boost Utilization

Key Points

• Oasis pools PCIe devices in software via CXL memory pools, avoiding PCIe switches.
• NIC pooling with Oasis achieves 2× utilization and ~38 ms failover.
• Per-device-class engines make the approach extensible to multiple PCIe device types.

Ask HN: Does anyone understand how Hacker News works?

Key Points

• The author questions how Hacker News works in practice beyond formal rules.
• Investors often recommend posting on HN or Reddit to show traction.
• The post seeks real levers and common misunderstandings, highlighting perceived opacity.

'Ghost jobs' are on the rise – and so are calls to ban them

Key Points

• Up to 22% of online job ads may be ghost listings; UK-only estimate reaches 34%.
• US advocate drafts a bill proposing expiry dates, audit trails, and penalties for fake ads.
• Ontario mandates disclosure of active hiring status and replies to interviewed candidates within 45 days.

Feather Detective (2016)

Key Points

• Species identification by forensic ornithology guides wildlife law enforcement actions.
• Trail’s caseload spans 100+ cases per year with diverse evidence types and international trafficking routes.
• A 2013 hummingbird smuggling case illustrates the illicit trade and investigative methods used.

What Is an Elliptic Curve?

Key Points

• Weierstrass form and smoothness condition define elliptic curves over the reals.
• Field choice changes whether a given equation defines an elliptic curve (e.g., Curve1174).
• Formal definition: smooth, projective genus‑one curve with points at infinity.

Learn Egyptian Hieroglyphs

Key Points

• Determine reading direction by facing signs and read toward them.
• Learn and use uniliteral signs for transliteration and dictionary lookup.
• Insert “e” between consonants as a basic pronunciation aid.

RCE via ND6 Router Advertisements in FreeBSD

Key Points

• Unvalidated ND6 Router Advertisement options in rtsol/rtsold enable RCE via resolvconf(8).
• Attack scope is limited to the local network segment; RA messages are not routable.
• Immediate updates are available via freebsd-update or source patching across supported branches.

Building a High-Performance OpenAPI Parser in Go

Key Points

• New Go library from Speakeasy for high-precision, high-performance OpenAPI tooling
• Reflection-based marshaller decouples models from parsing and centralizes optimizations
• Supports OpenAPI (2.0–3.2) plus Swagger 2.0, Arazzo, and Overlays with preserved input structure

GitHub Actions for Self-Hosted Runners Price Increase Postponed

Key Points

• Self-hosted Actions runners remain free; the $0.002/min increase is postponed and canceled.
• The original effective date was March 1, 2026, but no new date has been set.
• A 39% price reduction for hosted runners continues as previously announced.

Jonathan Blow has spent the past decade designing 1,400 puzzles for you

Key Points

• Announced at The Game Awards, Order of the Sinking Star targets a 2026 release.
• The game features ~1,400 puzzles with an estimated 400–500 hours for completionists.
• Core design: 2D, grid-based navigation puzzles with four distinct branches from a central hub.

How getting richer made teenagers less free

Key Points

• Historical data show high child mortality and youth employment in 1910 America.
• Economic growth led to stronger legal protections and closer supervision of children.
• Progress improved safety and well‑being but reduced teenagers’ autonomy.

It's all about momentum

Key Points

• Distraction-free mornings (9 a.m.–noon) are reserved for creative work.
• Momentum analogy from rally driving underscores gradual, consistent inputs.
• Consistency (daily practice) is prioritized over infrequent, intensive sessions.

Online Textbook for Braid groups and knots and tangles

Key Points

• Covers braids-to-permutations links and braid invariants
• Explains rational tangles via continued fractions and Conway notation
• Includes knot invariants like the Alexander polynomial and a three-coloring problem

After Ruining a Treasured Water Resource, Iran Is Drying Up

Key Points

• Tehran’s water reservoirs fell to 12% capacity, prompting talk of relocating the capital.
• Groundwater losses exceed 210 cubic kilometers since 2000 amid massive well drilling.
• Afghanistan’s Pashdan Dam can control up to 80% of Harirud flow, threatening eastern Iran.

Breaking Paragraphs into Lines [pdf]

Key Points

• Global paragraph-level optimization using boxes, glue, and penalties
• Dynamic programming eliminates backtracking while finding optimal breaks
• Appendix offers a simplified, resource-efficient algorithm

Slowness Is a Virtue

Key Points

• Research differs from development: it lacks clear plans and demands slow, exploratory work.
• Historical examples show major advances often take years of sustained effort.
• IQ tests measure speed on well-defined tasks, not problem selection or open-ended exploration.

America's Dirtiest Carbon Polluters, Mapped to Ridiculous Precision

Key Points

• Vulcan v4 maps U.S. fossil fuel CO2 emissions for 2022 at block- and facility-level resolution.
• Emissions hotspots align with dense population centers, especially along the East Coast and cities like Dallas.
• EPA proposes ending GHGRP; current rules cover ~13,000 facilities (>25,000 tCO2e), representing 85–90% of U.S. GHG emissions.

Creating apps like Signal could be 'hostile activity' claims UK watchdog

Key Points

• UK review warns encryption app developers could be deemed engaged in “hostile activity.”
• Apple disabled Advanced Data Protection after an IPA notice seeking weakened iCloud encryption.
• Parliament backed stricter Online Safety Act enforcement and eyed reviews of VPNs; experts cautioned against client-side scanning.

Fluent: A Localization System for Natural-Sounding Translations

Key Points

• Asymmetric translations enable natural grammar per locale without source-language constraints.
• Locale logic is isolated (progressive enhancement) and supported by rich formatting and pluralization via CLDR.
• Open-source ecosystem: Syntax 1.0 (Apr 2019), JS/Python/Rust implementations, React bindings, Apache 2.0.

Hightouch (YC S19) Is Hiring

Key Points

• Hightouch is a Series C, YC S19 startup currently hiring.
• Culture emphasizes kindness, speed, impact, and humility.
• Remote-friendly with four hubs and defined US benefits and stipends.

A school locked down after AI flagged a gun. It was a clarinet

Key Points

• AI surveillance flagged a suspected gun at a Florida middle school, prompting a lockdown.
• Police responded within minutes based on the automated alert.
• The object was later confirmed to be a clarinet, not a firearm.

From profiling to kernel patch: the journey to an eBPF performance fix

Key Points

• eBPF programs communicate with userspace via maps; ring buffers are used for event streaming.
• Unwind data from .eh_frame is converted and stored in an array-of-maps for per-binary access.
• Profiling uncovered slow map-in-map updates, leading to a Linux kernel performance improvement.

Most parked domains now serving malicious content

Key Points

• Over 90% of parked-domain visits now redirect to scams or malware.
• Residential IPs are preferentially targeted; VPN/non-residential traffic often sees benign pages.
• Typosquatting portfolios target major brands; some capture misaddressed email for abuse.

Classical statues were not painted horribly

Key Points

• Many classical statues were originally painted; surviving traces appear on works like the Augustus of the Prima Porta.
• Public awareness of polychromy increased via modern reconstructions tied to Vinzenz Brinkmann.
• Museum and archaeological examples demonstrate both the enduring appeal and the varied quality of classical art.

AI helps ship faster but it produces 1.7× more bugs

Key Points

• AI-assisted code ships faster but correlates with 1.7× more bugs.
• Open-source PR analysis shows AI tools are now common in development workflows.
• Outage data (IsDown.app) indicates rising service reliability risks.

GitHub postponing the announced billing change for self-hosted GitHub Actions

Key Points

• Billing change for self-hosted Actions is postponed for re-evaluation with community input.
• 39% price cut for hosted runners takes effect January 1.
• GitHub cites significant control plane and operational costs and seeks sustainable pricing.

The Big City; Save the Flophouses

Key Points

• Writer pays $10 for a cubicle at the White House Hotel on the Bowery and describes conditions and rules.
• Residents value reliable heat/hot water and strict enforcement, preferring it to shelters or streets.
• Owner Mike Ghelardi says the hotel dates to 1919 and views flophouses as ultra-low-cost housing with potential to aid homelessness.

Virtualizing Nvidia HGX B200 GPUs with Open Source

Key Points

• Open-source method to virtualize HGX B200 GPUs on Linux
• QEMU custom PCI layouts resolve topology mismatches
• Fix Large-BAR stalls by upgrading QEMU or disabling BAR mmap

Show HN: X Writer – Tweet from VS Code Without Distractions (BYOK, Open Source)

Key Points

• Open-source VS Code extension to tweet to Twitter/X with BYOK credentials.
• Multiple posting methods, real-time character counter, and adherence to X Free API limits.
• Built with esbuild and pnpm; credentials stored securely via VS Code SecretStorage.

Are Apple Gift Cards Safe to Redeem?

Key Points

• A tampered $500 Apple Gift Card redemption led to an Apple Account deactivation.
• TidBITS urges avoiding Apple Gift Cards due to potential account lock risks.
• Apple restored the affected account, but process transparency concerns persist.

Your job is to deliver code you have proven to work

Key Points

• Proving code works requires both manual and automated testing.
• Provide reproducible evidence (commands, outputs, or videos) for manual verification.
• Automated tests should fail on revert and use appropriate test harnesses (e.g., CLIRunner).

Please Just Try Htmx

Key Points

• HTMX adds interactivity via HTML attributes, swapping server-rendered fragments without custom JavaScript.
• A live, debounced search demo illustrates “Locality of Behavior” with behavior declared in markup.
• Contexte’s migration from React to Django templates with HTMX reportedly cut about two-thirds of its codebase.

Spain fines Airbnb €65M: Why the government is cracking down on illegal rentals

Key Points

• Spain fines Airbnb €65M and orders immediate removal of illegal listings.
• Authorities cite 65,122 noncompliant listings and a fine set at six times related profits.
• Crackdown widens: Booking.com removals, 53,000+ illegal flats deregistered, and Barcelona’s 2028 phase‑out.

Show HN: A local-first memory store for LLM agents (SQLite)

Key Points

• Local‑first standalone memory engine with SQLite/Postgres; no cloud setup
• Cognitive and temporal features: multi‑sector memory, decay, temporal KG
• Broad integrations: MCP/LangGraph, Vercel AI SDK, major LLMs and embeddings

Using TypeScript to Obtain One of the Rarest License Plates

Key Points

• Florida’s vanity plate checker supports bulk combinations with no added delay.
• The site uses ASP.NET Web Forms, including __VIEWSTATE and EVENTVALIDATION.
• PlateRadar’s paywall and refresh delay motivate direct use of the state’s tool.

systemd v259 Released

Key Points

• SysV service script support deprecated now, removed in v260; sysv compatibility tools will be dropped.
• Defaults and internals change: persistent journal by default; cgroup2 counts HugeTLB; nftables-only NAT.
• Security/boot changes: TPM 1.2 removed from boot components; enforce VFAT on XBOOTLDR; LUKS labels prefixed.

Beginning January 2026, all ACM publications will be made open access

Key Points

• All ACM publications in the ACM Digital Library will be open access starting January 2026.
• Authors keep copyright, with ACM defending against rights and integrity violations.
• ACM consulted widely and will offer guidance to ensure a smooth transition.

Launch HN: Pulse (YC S24) – Production-grade unstructured document extraction

Key Points

• Hybrid VLM + OCR + CV pipeline that separates layout from language modeling
• Schema-constrained extraction with values linked to source locations for auditability
• Usage-based API/platform with example cases and documentation

Dogalog: A realtime Prolog-based livecoding music environment

Key Points

• Prolog-like rules define when events play, evaluated in real time with state preserved across updates.
• Built-in predicates cover timing, randomness/variation, musical mapping, and control logic, plus basic instruments.
• PWA support, mobile-first UI, tutorial, modular code, and tested codebase enable accessible and reliable use.

Heart and Kidney Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes May Be One Ailment

Key Points

• AHA’s 2023 CKM framework groups heart, kidney, and metabolic disorders due to shared mechanisms.
• Inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress link diabetes with cardiovascular and kidney damage.
• GLP‑1 drugs (Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro) and standard therapies (metformin, statins) are cited for CKM management.

Valve Is Running Apple's Playbook in Reverse

Key Points

• Valve announced a new Steam Machine for 2026, following the 2015 Steam Box.
• The strategy mirrors Apple’s integrated model but built atop Steam’s mature ecosystem.
• Steam’s current scale is large: ~41M peak concurrents and a rough ~200M MAU estimate.

Microscopic robots that sense, think, act, and compute

Key Points

• The paper targets integrating decision-making, sensing, feedback, and programmable computation into submillimeter robots.
• It aims to realize paramecium-sized microrobots capable of sensing, thinking, and acting.
• The study highlights microscale physics as a primary barrier to onboard processing in microrobots.

Military Standard on Software Control Levels

Key Points

• MIL-STD-882E categorizes software control into four risk-based levels.
• Highest risk: direct, immediate control over dangerous functions; lowest risk: auxiliary, non-controlling use.
• Relevance has grown with AI (LLMs, computer vision) entering previously human-led processes.

Agent Skills is now an open standard

Key Points

• Agent Skills published as an open standard for cross-platform use
• Org-wide admin provisioning and a partner skills directory now available
• Creation/editing simplified with previews; API and Claude Code support

Apples, Trees, and Quasimodes

Key Points

• Raskin’s work is framed within a Bay Area lineage of liberation-minded computing.
• The Macintosh diverged from Raskin’s strict humane interface ideals; the Canon Cat tried to preserve them commercially.
• The article argues big platform companies struggle to fully realize humane interface principles.

GPT-5.2-Codex

Key Points

• GPT‑5.2-Codex launches with long-horizon coding and cybersecurity improvements.
• State-of-the-art performance on SWE-Bench Pro and Terminal-Bench 2.0 is reported.
• Access starts for paid ChatGPT users, with API and trusted cybersecurity pilots to follow.

Firefox will have an option to disable all AI features

Key Points

• Firefox will add a single control to disable all AI features.
• Internally called an “AI kill switch,” with a different public name expected.
• The announcement emphasizes a complete, absolute AI opt-out.

MIT nuclear science professor Nuno Loureiro found shot dead in home in Mass

Key Points

• MIT professor Nuno Loureiro died after being shot in his Brookline home; case is a homicide investigation.
• Authorities say there is no apparent link to the recent Brown University shooting.
• Loureiro led MIT’s Plasma Science and Fusion Center and was a member of nuclear science & engineering and physics departments.

Show HN: Paper2Any – Open tool to generate editable PPTs from research papers

Key Points

• Paper2Figure web beta is live by invite; 0.1.0 was released in 2024-09-01.
• Paper2Any converts research content into editable PPTX/SVG diagrams and Beamer slides.
• Setup requires Conda/Python 3.12, Tectonic (LaTeX), Inkscape, and a FastAPI/React stack.

Statistical Learning Theory and ChatGPT

Key Points

• Generative models reproduce training data frequencies and patterns.
• Fine-tuned LLMs mirror property distributions of the fine-tuning dataset.
• Text-to-image models’ negation issues reflect training data limitations.

Top Banned Books: The Most Banned Books in U.S. Schools – Pen America

Key Points

• 22,810 book bans recorded in U.S. schools since 2021 across 45 states and 451 districts.
• Top banned titles include 'Looking for Alaska' (147 bans) and 'Nineteen Minutes' (142 bans).
• Many banned books address themes of race, LGBTQ+ identities, and abuse rather than explicit sexual content.

FunctionGemma 270M Model

Key Points

• FunctionGemma is a function-calling–tuned variant of Gemma 3 270M for local, private agents.
• Fine-tuning boosts reliability (Mobile Actions accuracy from 58% to 85%).
• Broad ecosystem support covers both fine-tuning and deployment across popular tools.

We pwned X, Vercel, Cursor, and Discord through a supply-chain attack

Key Points

• Mintlify had a critical XSS vulnerability with credential theft potential.
• Discord’s docs integration exposed /_mintlify endpoints enabling cross-site file fetching.
• Public Mintlify tooling (@mintlify/cli) aided deeper investigation of platform internals.

How China built its ‘Manhattan Project’ to rival the West in AI chips

Key Points

• Prototype EUV lithography machine built in Shenzhen and now under testing.
• Reportedly reverse-engineered from ASML’s EUV systems by former ASML engineers.
• EUV enables ultra-fine circuit etching on silicon wafers for high-performance chips.

Meta Segment Anything Model Audio

Key Points

• SAM Audio adds text, click, and span prompting methods to separate sounds across music, speech, and general audio.
• PE-AV open-source model extends Meta’s Perception Encoder with audio capabilities.
• An open evaluation dataset and judge model support benchmarking aligned with human evaluations.

Let a thousand societies bloom

Key Points

• The article promotes pluralism in new community and governance models.
• Zuzalu (2023) served as a successful real-world experiment in Montenegro.
• Upcoming sections will structure insights into “Tribes,” “Hubs,” and “Zones.”

Interactive Fluid Typography

Key Points

• Fluid typography scales with viewport width to avoid abrupt changes at breakpoints.
• `clamp()` sets min/max bounds for font sizes while retaining fluid behavior.
• Varying typographic ratios by screen range can prevent abrupt transitions and suit small screens.

How to hack Discord, Vercel and more with one easy trick

Key Points

• RCE via server-side MDX/JSX evaluation (CVE-2025-67843) enabled env and file exfiltration.
• Next.js cache poisoning allowed mass XSS and defacement across Mintlify-hosted sites.
• Cross-tenant static asset route enabled one-click XSS using crafted SVG (CVE-2025-67842).

Partial Inlining

Key Points

• Partial inlining inlines the fast path and keeps the cold path outlined.
• Assembly shows range checks and simple arithmetic inlined, with calls to .part.0 for slow cases.
• Compiler heuristics determine when to apply outlining and partial inlining.

Making the most of bit arrays in Gleam

Key Points

• Bit arrays are constructed from typed segments with options (value:option1-option2...).
• Defaults: Int=8-bit signed, Float=64-bit IEEE 754, String=UTF-8; echo prints as 8-bit unsigned.
• String and float segments may require explicit options (utf16/utf32, :float) depending on usage.

How the RESISTORS put computing into 1960s counter-culture

Key Points

• Teen club RESISTORS improvised a modem workaround at a disrupted 1968 Atlantic City conference.
• Computerworld highlighted the group’s efforts and outreach to youths in Trenton.
• Mentor Claude Kagan and donated DEC PDP-8 hardware were pivotal to the club’s activities.

Linux computer designed with AI boots on first attempt

Key Points

• AI designed a dual-PCB Linux SBC with 843 parts and first-booted Debian.
• Completed in one week with 38.5 hours of human assistance vs ~430 hours traditionally.
• Quilter’s AI uses physics-based optimization, not LLM-style training, aiming to surpass human designs.

Finland gave two groups identical payments – one saw better mental health

Key Points

• Unconditional €560 monthly payments were linked to lower rates of poor mental health.
• Conditional benefits of the same amount saw 24% poor mental health versus 16% in the unconditional group.
• The analysis was produced by researchers at MPIDR and the University of Helsinki.

Show HN: Composify – Open-Source Visual Editor / Server-Driven UI for React

Key Points

• Open-source React library adds a visual editor and server-driven UI.
• Register production components once; use Renderer and Editor to render and edit JSX.
• Enable instant UI changes server-side without redeploys, supporting testing and prototyping.

The Scottish Highlands, the Appalachians, Atlas are the same mountain range

Key Points

• The Central Pangean Mountains formed from Laurussia–Gondwana collision during Pangaea’s assembly.
• Scottish Highlands, Appalachians, Ouachita, and Anti‑Atlas were once connected within this ancient chain.
• By the early Jurassic, much of the Western European segment had disappeared, leaving isolated highlands.

The immortality of Microsoft Word

Key Points

• Replacing Microsoft Word is portrayed as untenable in legal workflows.
• .docx is described as a de facto protocol underpinning legal agreements.
• Legal tech should integrate with, not replace, the Word/.docx ecosystem.

Hell is other people's markup

Key Points

• Accessibility audits rely on DevTools to examine HTML and assistive tech exposure.
• The HTML De-crapulator simplifies attribute-heavy markup for easier evaluation.
• The author seeks a faster workflow to focus on accessibility-relevant markup.

Texas is suing all of the big TV makers for spying on what you watch

Key Points

• Texas sued five major TV makers over alleged secret ACR data collection for targeted ads.
• The filings claim ACR captures content from streaming, casting (AirPlay/Google Cast), and HDMI-connected devices.
• Paxton seeks civil penalties and injunctions under Texas consumer protection law; companies did not comment.

T5Gemma 2: The next generation of encoder-decoder models

Key Points

• Compact multimodal encoder-decoder models with tied embeddings and merged attention.
• 128K-token long-context via alternating local/global attention and a separate encoder.
• Improved performance across multimodal, long-context, and general tasks; no post-trained checkpoints released.

Show HN: Stop AI scrapers from hammering your self-hosted blog

Key Points

• Inserts invisible links to deter AI scrapers via content safeguards.
• Supports server-side (recommended) and client-side integration across frameworks.
• Includes bot-aware logic to avoid hurting SEO, with caveats for static sites.

TRELLIS.2: state-of-the-art large 3D generative model (4B)

Key Points

• 4B-parameter 3D generative model with O-Voxel for complex topology and PBR materials.
• Efficient pipeline: DiTs + Sparse 3D VAE (16× downsampling) and fast conversions (CPU/CUDA).
• Roadmap outlines releases of paper, code, checkpoints, and a Hugging Face demo in 2025.

How I wrote JustHTML, a Python-based HTML5 parser, using coding agents

Key Points

• Pure-Python HTML5 parser with zero dependencies and CSS selector API
• Test-driven, agent-assisted development achieving claimed 100% html5lib compliance
• Performance tuning via a Rust tokenizer and lessons from html5ever while keeping a pure-Python direction

One agent isn't enough

Key Points

• Parallel agents plus synthesis improve reliability over single-agent runs.
• Clean, independent contexts and repeated agreement help identify local maxima.
• Claude Code’s orchestrator pattern supports subagents for parallel convergence.

The <time> element should do something

Key Points

• <time> provides semantic timestamps but little automatic browser behavior.
• NVDA and Narrator read <time> in human-friendly format, aiding accessibility.
• Google favors Schema.org date fields over <time> for search date signals.

Go-boot: bare metal Go UEFI boot manager

Key Points

• UEFI Shell and OS loader for AMD64 with EFI, Linux, and Windows boot support.
• Configurable build via TamaGo compiler and environment variables (IMAGE_BASE, entries, console, networking).
• Shell provides diagnostics and boot commands; defaults allow quick boot of a UAPI-defined Linux entry.

Ask HN: What are your predictions for 2026?

Key Points

• Hacker News hosts an Ask HN thread inviting predictions for 2026.
• The post includes links to prior annual prediction threads for context.
• The thread shows active engagement with 61 points and 78 comments at capture time.

I've been writing ring buffers wrong all these years (2016)

Key Points

• Two-index ring buffers waste one slot to avoid empty/full ambiguity.
• Index+length ring buffers use full capacity but are problematic for concurrent use.
• A third approach with two unmasked indices is proposed to combine benefits.

Oliver Sacks put himself into his case studies – what was the cost?

Key Points

• Draws on Sacks’s letters and decades of journals shared by the Oliver Sacks Foundation.
• Centers on Sacks’s 1965 move to New York and the emotional arc tied to a new relationship.
• Explores how language (e.g., “Klaudur”/Klausur) shaped his self-perception and narrative approach.

Show HN: Spice Cayenne – SQL acceleration built on Vortex

Key Points

• Spice Cayenne uses the Vortex columnar format and embedded metadata engine to accelerate SQL on data lakes.
• The platform integrates hybrid SQL search and AI features (LLM inference, secure sandboxing, model serving).
• Supports object storage workloads and open data lake formats with CDC, distributed query, and edge-to-cloud deployments.

Show HN: Picknplace.js, an alternative to drag-and-drop

Key Points

• Two-step pick-and-place workflow replaces drag-and-drop.
• Overlay duplicate list updates with scrolling.
• Proof of concept; source code available for inspiration.

Delty (YC X25) Is Hiring an ML Engineer

Key Points

• End-to-end production ML ownership across data, modeling, deployment, and monitoring.
• Strong tabular ML and backend engineering skills required; 3+ years experience.
• Bonus LLM production experience (RAG, fine-tuning, structured prompting) and healthcare decision-support.

Two Kinds of Vibe Coding

Key Points

• Defines two types of “vibe coding,” emphasizing AI-agent-led development.
• LLM-assisted viewer adds GPU acceleration and hybrid CPU/GPU perturbation algorithms.
• Benchmarks nine approaches, using high-precision arithmetic and adaptive numeric representations.

The Legacy of Nicaea

Key Points

• Constantine I convened Nicaea in 325 CE to address Christ’s nature; the council affirmed the Son’s coequality with the Father.
• Arianism was condemned at Nicaea and its rejection reaffirmed by later councils (Constantinople, Ephesus, Chalcedon).
• The Nicene Creed (approx. 222–226 words) emerged and remains widely affirmed across global Christian traditions.

1.5 TB of VRAM on Mac Studio – RDMA over Thunderbolt 5

Key Points

• RDMA over Thunderbolt in macOS 26.2 pools unified memory and cuts latency to <50 μs.
• Four‑node Mac Studio cluster totals 1.5 TB unified memory, costing just under $40,000.
• Thunderbolt networking delivers ~50–60 Gbps; no TB5 switches, limiting scale to direct cross‑connects.

AI Vending Machine Was Tricked into Giving Away Everything

Key Points

• LLM-run vending machine at WSJ was manipulated into giving away inventory and making dubious purchases.
• Fake corporate documents led the system to suspend its CEO-bot and halt profit-focused operations.
• Prior tests showed the machine hallucinated contracts and planned fictional in-person visits.

Trained LLMs exclusively on pre-1913 texts

Key Points

• Ranke-4B: 4B-parameter, time-locked LLM family with cutoffs from 1913 to 1946
• Built on Qwen3, trained from scratch on 80B tokens from a curated 600B-token dataset
• Designed to preserve pretraining normative judgments for scientific applications; repos and prerelease notes announced

Local WYSIWYG Markdown, mockup, data model editor powered by Claude Code

Key Points

• Free, local WYSIWYG editor and session manager integrating with Claude Code.
• AI-assisted iteration on HTML mockups with annotation, editing, and embedding.
• Leverages full project context to build and use mockups without copy/paste.

Show HN: Learning a Language Using Only Words You Know

Key Points

• LangSeed uses LLMs to define words using only the learner’s known vocabulary, supplemented with emojis.
• It employs guided decoding and post-generation validation (with Jieba) to enforce vocabulary constraints.
• The app provides multiple definitions, suggests prerequisite words, and includes self-rated outputs.

Great Ideas in Theoretical Computer Science

Key Points

• Introduces DFA as a foundational model to build formal reasoning about computation.
• Defines Turing machines and discusses the physical Church–Turing thesis.
• Demonstrates undecidability using diagonalization and reductions.

Synit: A Reactive Operating System

Key Points

• Built on the Linux kernel but replaces systemd, NetworkManager, and D-Bus.
• Architecture follows the Syndicated Actor Model with object-capability security.
• Available to try on PostmarketOS-supported devices and in virtual machines.

Show HN: Bithoven – A high-level, imperative language for Bitcoin Smart Contract

Key Points

• High-level, type-safe language that compiles to Bitcoin Script with imperative syntax.
• Supports multiple spending paths and targets legacy, SegWit, and Taproot via pragmas.
• Built-in primitives for timelocks, cryptography, and verification; HTLC example provided.

In 1844, Chess Was Online

Key Points

• In 1844, Washington and Baltimore played chess over the first U.S. telegraph line.
• Morse used the telegraph chess matches to advocate for network expansion to New York via Philadelphia.
• Chess’s remote play evolved through radio, telephone, satellite, online platforms, and modern esports.

Lite^3, a JSON-Compatible Zero-Copy Serialization Format

Key Points

• Lite³ supports arbitrary in-place mutations with zero-copy reads/writes and O(log n) operations.
• Schemaless, self-describing, and fully compatible with JSON; optional yyjson assists conversion.
• Compact, dependency-free C11 core (9.3 kB) designed for embedded/no-malloc environments.

The state of the kernel Rust experiment

Key Points

• Kernel Rust experiment declared successful at the 2025 Maintainers Summit.
• Android and Debian show real-world adoption of Rust in Linux kernels.
• gccrs and rust_codegen_gcc are progressing toward robust Rust toolchain support.

Prompt caching: 10x cheaper LLM tokens, but how?

Key Points

• Cached input tokens are ~10x cheaper on OpenAI and Anthropic APIs.
• Prompt caching can reduce latency by up to 85% for long prompts; tests confirm faster time-to-first-token when fully cached.
• Caching occurs within the transformer’s attention mechanism, not at the response level.

SMB Direct – SMB3 over RDMA – The Linux Kernel Documentation

Key Points

• Requires Linux kernel 5.15+ and RDMA-capable devices/modules.
• Enable SMB Direct in server/client kernel configs and build cifs.ko/ksmbd.ko.
• Mount with vers=3.0+ and rdma; verify via dmesg or /proc/mounts.